Tuyere for blast furnaces and the like



y 1944- A. H. RICHARDSON 2,353,849

TUYERE FOR BLAST FURNACES AND THE LIKE Filed Aug. 27, 1941 Patented July 18, 1944 UNl'lED' STATES PATENT OFFICE TUYERE FOR BLAST FURNACES AND THE LIKE Alan 11. Richardson, Edgewood, Pa.

Application August 27, 1941, Serial No. 408,525 2 Claims. (01. 122-6.6)

This invention relates to tuyeres and vbosh plates and, particularly, to an improved tuyere for use in blast furnaces and the like.

Tuyeres such as are used in. blast furnaces project 'a'short distance into the furnace and are subjected to extremely high temperatures and considerable wear. Heretofore, such tuyres had is being cast so as to eliminate any internal stresses and shrinkage cavities therein. I

It is a further object of this invention to provide a water-cooled tuyere in-which the heat absorbed by the nose portion will be rapidly dissipated therefrom.

a relatively thin-walled nose and the metal at v the nose was oftentimes not sufllcient to withstand the abrasion and burning which are characteristic conditions at that location in a blast portion have been heretofore suggested and used,

none of these tuyeres provided means therewith for taking care of such contraction of the metal in the nose portion thereof, during solidification of metal while the tuyeres were being cast. Consequently, these heavy nose portions contained shrink cavities and internal stresses which were produced by the prior solidification and contraction of the relatively thin side walls of the tuyere. That is to say, the prior solidification of the side walls and other portions of the 'tuyre caused shrinkage segregation and stresses within the relatively-heavy section of the nose.

In the present invention, there is provided a tuyere not oniy having a relatively thick nose portion but, in addition, having means or other heavy structural portions arranged therewith so as to provide a volume of metal to replace that in the nose which is lost by shrinkage during solidification thereof, 7 thereby eliminating the above named disadvantages.

Accordingly, it is one of the objects of the present invention to provide an improved tuyre having a thickened nose portion of uniformly dense metal structure, thereby reducing the danger of the failure thereof to a minimum.

It is another object of the invention to provide an improved tuyere having a thickened nose portion and having means arranged therewith for feeding the metal thereto during the contrac- It is still another object of the present invention to provide an improved tuyere which is simpleand inexpensive, as well as strong and rugged, in its construction.

Various other objects and advantages of this invention will become more apparent during the course of the following specification and will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims. In the accompanying drawing there is shown, for the purpose of illustration, one embodiment which my invention may assume in practice.

In the drawing: Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through the improved tuyere of ,my invention; and

Figure 2 is a section taken on line H-II of Figure 1.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, the

improved tuyere of my invention consists of a hollow cylindrical cast copper body member 2 having a tapered outer side wall 3. There is arranged within the body member 2, and integral therewith, a substantially straight cylindrical inner portion or wall 4 which is spaced from the inner side of the side wall 3 so as to provide an annular cooling chamber 5 around the body member between'the inner wall 4 and the outer side wall 3.

The ends of the cylindrical inner portion 4 are permitted preferably to remain open so as to provide a hollow central chamber or opening 6 there through for conducting the blast. The annular chamber 5 at the larger end of the body member is closed by an end wall 1 having a plurality of threaded openings 8 arranged therein to which suitable pipes are adapted to be connected for conveying a cooling medium into and through the annular chamber 5. The opposite end of the annular chamber 5 at the smaller and of the body member 2 is closed by a nose portion or wall 9 having a smooth outer surface.

"According to the present invention, the nose portion 9 is relatively thick with respect to the outer side walls 3, as shown in Figure 1 of the drawing, and preferably has a thickness of about one and one-half inches. There is arranged on the inner side of the nose portion 9, integral therewith and extendin inwardly of the, body member, a plurality of spaced apart portions. l0. tion and solidification thereof, while the tuyre or risers or feeders, as they are sometimes called,

and are preferably cylindrical or truncated conical in shape. The portions or risers it are aranged concentrically with the axis of the tuyere or body member and substantially parallelto the outer side wall I and the inner wall 4 and are spaced therefrom, The portions or risers ID are preferably from about two inches to four inches in length and have a diameter at their base of about three-quarters of an inch and taper inwardly so as to have a slightly smaller diameter on the inner or free end thereof.

When the tuyere is in use, a cooling fluid, such It will be understood that the tuyere of the present invention is adapted to be made from east copper, aluminum, steel or other. metals. During the casting thereof. the metal in the thickened nose portion 9 shrinks and it is the primary purpose in providing the inwardly extending nor-- tions or risers ill, so'that the metal therein will feed into the nose portion 8 as it contracts and shrinks during the cooling thereof so as to prevent shrinkage cavities from being formed therein. That is, the risers or feeders iii are primarily provided to control the internal segregation and porosity of the nose portion of the tuyere during the casting thereof and are preferably located directly opposite the relatively heavy nose section in order to provide a volume of metal to replace that which will be lost by shrinkage or solidification of the metal in the nose portion.

As a result, by providing the inwardly extending portions or risers Hi, there will be provided a more dense grain structure in the nose portion of the tuyere and a relief of the internal stresses will be seen that the inwardly'extending portions or risers provide a means for increasing the density of the metal in the noseand. hence,

an improved rate of heat conduction within the various other forms may be devised within the scope of my invention, as defined in the appended claims. I

I claim:

1. A'tuyere of the class described comprising a hollow body member having an outer wall, an inner wall arranged within saidbody member so as to provide an annular cooling chamber therearound between said inner and outer walls, :said body member having an opening arranged in one end thereof for conveying a cooling fluid thereinto, a relatively thick-walled nose portion arranged on the opposite end of said body member, said outer and inner walls and said nose 1901-, tion of, said body member being integrally arranged and consisting of a casting, and a. plurality of spaced apart risers having a greater crosssectional thickness than the walls of the tuyere arranged annularly around said nose portion integral therewith and extending into said annular chamber between said irmer and outer walls and being spaced therefrom, saidrisers-being ofsuflicient thickness to provide metal to the noseportion of the body member during the contraction and solidification of the metal thereof while'casting the same so as to eliminate internal stresses and shrinkage cavities therein whereby a uniform dense metal structure is providedxin the thickwalled nose portion of the tuyere whichishighly resistant to abrasion.

2.sA tuyere of the class describedas' defined in claim 1 wherein each of the risers tapers in- :grdly toward the opposite end of the bodymem- ALAN 'I-LRICHARDSON. 

